BC | |
| 1004 | Kind David establishes Jerusalem as the capital of the United Kingdom of Israel. |
| 960 | King Solomon (David's son) builds the First Temple on site chosen by his father. |
| 922 | Kingdom is divided between north (Israel) and south (Judah) with Jerusalem as capital of the Southern kingdom. |
| 701 | Senacherib, King of Assyria, unsuccessfully lays siege to Jerusalem. |
| 700 | Hezekiah develops water supply at Siloam. |
| 586 | Kingdom of Judah eventually falls to Nebuchadnezzer, King of Babylon, who captures and destroys Jerusalem, including the First Temple, and exiles Jews to Babylon. |
| 539-537 | Beginning of return from Exile in Babylon--led by Ezra and Nehemia. |
| 515 | City restored, and dedication of Second Temple (during reign of Darius) |
| 444 | Nehemia rebuilds Jerusalem and its walls |
| 350 | Persians capture Jerusalem |
| 332 | Hellenistic domination of region--Alexander the Great |
| 313 | Ptolemy I of Egypt rules Jerusalem. |
| 170 | Antiochus Epiphanes, King of Syria, plunders Jerusalem |
| 167-164 | Maccabean revolts by Hasmoneans following desecration of Temple by Antiochus |
| 165- 125 | Kislev, Jerusalem recaptured and Temple rededicated (celebrated at Chanukah to this day). Restoration of Jewish autonomy under Hasmonean Empire. |
| 63 | Roman invasion led by Pompei. |
| 37 | Kingdom established with Jerusalem as capital under Herod--appointed by Rome |
| 20 | Herod begins restoration of the Temple |
| 0 | Rule of Roman procurators |
AD | |
| 6 | Jerusalem part of Roman province of Judea. Development of Jewish Resistance. |
| 33 | Crucifixion of Jesus (6 BC-33 AD)--by order of Pontius Pilate |
| 66-73 | First Jewish revolt |
| 70 | Siege of Jerusalem for 134 days by Romans under Vespasian. Jerusalem falls. Tisha B'Av--Second Temple destroyed by Titus |
| 132-5 | Second Jewish Revolt--led by Bar Kochba. Large scale slaughter, Jerusalem razed and then rebuilt by Hadrian and renamed "Aelia Capitolina". Jews excluded from Jerusalem |
| 324 | Jerusalem under Byzantine rule. |
| 326 | Queen Helena (mother of Byzantine Emperor Constantine) visits Jerusalem and begins building major churches-- including Holy Sepulchre |
| 362 | Julian the Apostate allows Jews to resettle in Jerusalem |
| 614 | Jerusalem falls to Persians. |
| 629 | Jerusalem retaken by Byzantines |
| 638 | Caliph Omar Ben Hatav captures Jerusalem placing it under Arab Muslim rule. |
| 688-91 | Dome of the Rock (Mosque of Omar) built by Abdal- Malik |
| 1009-10 | Caliph Hakim orders destruction of churches and synagogues |
| 1077 | Turks capture Jerusalem |
| 1096 | First Crusades capture of Jerusalem |
| 1099 | First Latin/Christian Kingdom established--led by Godfrey of Bouillon. Jews and Moslems slaughtered |
| 1141 | Yehuda Halevi goes to Jerusalem |
| 1165 | Moses Maimonides (Rambam) visits Jerusalem. |
| 1173 | Benjamin of Judea visits Jerusalem |
| 1187 | Saladin captures Jerusalem from Crusaders. Jewish settlement renewed |
| 1192 | Richard the Lionheart fails to conquer Jerusalem |
| 1212 | 300 English and French Rabbis settle in Jerusalem. |
| 1244 | Jerusalem sacked by Tartars. |
| 1259 | Jerusalem sacked by Mongols. |
| 1260 | Rule by the Mamelukes--lasting two and a half centuries |
| 1267 | Nachmanides (Ramban) goes to Jerusalem and worships at the Western (Wailing) Wall (The Kotel) |
| 1347 | Jerusalem again conquered by Mamelukes. |
| 1488 | Rabbi Ovadia Bertinoro in Jerusalem. |
| 1516-17 | Turkish Sultan Selim conquers Jerusalem for Ottoman Empire. |
| 1535-8 | Suleiman the Magnificent rebuilds city ramparts and wall around Jerusalem |
| 1541 | Muslims seal Golden Gate to prevent Messiah's entrance (as according to Jewish tradition). |
| 1556 | Earthquake in the city |
| 1700 | Judah the Pious settles Jerusalem with 1,000 followers |
| 1705 | Jews subjected to restrictions |
| 1798 | Napoleon visits the Holy Land area. |
| 1827 | First visit by Sir Moses Montefiore, Anglo-Jewish philanthropist. |
| 1831 | Jerusalem conquered by Mehemet Ali of Egypt |
| 1838 | First British Consulate opened in Jerusalem. |
| 1840 | Jerusalem again under Turkish rule. |
| 1844 | First official census confirms Jewish majority--7120 Jews, 5760 Muslims, 3390 Christians. |
| 1859-60 | Mishkenot Sha-ananim--first Jewish settlement built outside Old City walls with assistance of Sir Moses Montefiore. This was followed by Nahlat Shiva (1869). |
| 1873-5 | Mea Shearim built. |
| 1892 | Yemin Moshe established. |
| 1898 | Theodore Herzl meets Kaiser Wilhelm just outside Jerusalem. |
| 1906 | Bezalel School of Art founded. |
| 1911 | Baedeker's guide confirms two thirds Jewish majority amongst city populace. |
| 1917 | British Army enters Jerusalem under General Allenby. |
| 1918 | Hebrew University Foundation Stone is laid on Mount Scopus on J.N.F. owned land; first lecture delivered by Albert Einstein (first president of WUJS) in 1923; inaugurated 1925. |
| 1918-20 | Jerusalem under British military administration. |
| 1920-21 | Arab riots break out in Jerusalem. |
| 1922 | Palestine Mandate given to Britain by League of Nations. Haj Amin el-Husseini appointed Grand Mufti of Jerusalem. |
| 1929 | Disturbances at Western Wall--Arab riots in Jerusalem |
| 1932 | King David Hotel opened. First issue of "Palestine Post" (later becomes "Jerusalem Post") |
| 1947 | 29th November United Nations Partition Plan calls for internationalization of Jerusalem (UN Resolution 181). |
| 1948 | February:TransJordanian army shells Jewish Quarter. 13th May:Jewish convoy attacked on its way to Mt. Scopus--35 doctors and nurses killed. 14th May:British Mandate ends. 15th May: STATE OF ISRAEL PROCLAIMED. 19th May: Lifting of Arab siege of Old City. 28th May: Jewish Quarter of the Old City falls to Jordanian Legionnaires. 26th July: Western Jerusalem proclaimed Israeli territory. |
| 1949 | Knesset (Israeli Parliament) moves to Jerusalem from Tel-Aviv. JERUSALEM PROCLAIMED CAPITAL OF ISRAEL Jordan defies armistice and prevents access to Western Wall and Mount Scopus. |
| 1951 | Jordan's King Abdullah assassinated by Arab extremists on Temple Mount. |
| 1953 | Establishment of Yad Vashem--Holocaust Memorial Center. |
| 1964 | Pope Paul VI visits. |
| 1965 | Teddy Kolleck becomes Mayor of Jerusalem. |
| 1966 | Inauguration of new Knesset building. Israel Museum and Shrine of the Book established. |
| 1967 | 5-11 June: Six Day War 7th June: Old City captured by Israel 28th June: Jerusalem Unified into one city. Free access to all holy sites of all religions. |
| 1978 | WUJS headquarters moves from London to Jerusalem. |
| 1980 | Jerusalem Basic Law enacted declaring united Jerusalem to be capital of Israel |